// Created by Ezekiel Williams on 12/9/17. // Copyright © 2017 Ezekiel Williams. All rights reserved. /* INSTRUCTIONS: Just hit RUN! Description: I'm just thinking of how opening chests in a game would work. I'm also practicing with my smart pointers, because they really are useful! Let me know what you think in the comments. Happy Coding! Version - 1.1 Update: 1.1 - Added Armor! I also changed some of the chance numbers. Getting the special is really hard ;) Plans: Instead of having a huge switch case in the chest's pickItems function, i am going to define a global array of predefined items for the function to pick from. Possibly an array for each rarity. I'm still not sure how this all should work, as I am not a game developer :) */ #include #include #include #include #include #include using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl; using std::string; using uint = unsigned int; //returns a number in range 1 to n inclusive int rand1toN(int n) { return (rand() % n) + 1; } //returns a number in range 0 to n inclusive int rand0toN(int n) { return rand() % (n + 1); } //returns a percentage, or 1 to 100 int randPercent() { return rand() % 100 + 1; } //returns a number in user defined range inclusive int randInRange(int a, int b) { return (rand() % (b - a + 1)) + a; } //Rarities for Items enum class ERarity { COMMON = 0, UNCOMMON, RARE, ULT_RARE, SPECIAL, NONE }; //Strings for the rarities, so they can be printed to console const string rarityStr[] = {"Common", "Uncommon", "Rare", "Ultra-rare", "Special", "NONE"}; //Item basse class for all types of items class Item { protected://properties string name; uint value; ERarity rarity; public://methods virtual void print() const = 0; public://constructors/destructors Item(); Item(string, uint, ERarity); virtual ~Item(); }; Item::Item() : name("NULL"), value(0), rarity(ERarity::NONE) { //cout << "Item Created.\n"; } Item::Item(string name, uint value, ERarity rarity) : name(name), value(value), rarity(rarity) { //cout << "Item Created.\n"; } Item::~Item() { //cout << "Item Destroyed.\n"; } //which item the skin covers enum class ESkinType { WEAPON = 0, ARMOR, CLOTHES, NONE }; //skin type names to be printed to console string skinTypeStr[] = {"Weapon", "Armor", "Clothes", "NONE"}; //Skins, or paints for items or clothing class Skin: public Item { private: ESkinType type; public: virtual void print() const; public: Skin(); Skin(string, uint, ERarity, ESkinType); ~Skin(); }; Skin::Skin() : Item(), type(ESkinType::NONE) { //cout << "Skin Created.\n"; } Skin::Skin(string name, uint value, ERarity rarity, ESkinType type) : Item(name, value, rarity), type(type) { //cout << "Skin Created.\n"; } Skin::~Skin() { //cout << "Skin Destroyed.\n"; } void Skin::print() const { cout << "Item Type: Skin\nName: " << name << endl; cout << "Skin Type: " << skinTypeStr[static_cast(type)] << endl; cout << "Rarity: " << rarityStr[static_cast(rarity)] << endl; cout << "Value: " << value << endl; if (this->rarity == ERarity::SPECIAL) { cout << "SPECIAL SKIN FOUND!\n"; } cout << endl; } class Weapon: public Item { private: uint damage; public: virtual void print() const; public: Weapon(); Weapon(string, uint, ERarity, uint); ~Weapon(); }; Weapon::Weapon() : Item(), damage(0) { //cout << "Weapon Created.\n"; } Weapon::Weapon(string name, uint value, ERarity rarity, uint damage) : Item(name, value, rarity), damage(damage) { //cout << "Weapon Created.\n"; } Weapon::~Weapon() { //cout << "Weapon Destroyed.\n"; } void Weapon::print() const { cout << "Item Type: Weapon\nName: " << name << endl; cout << "Damage: " << damage << endl; cout << "Rarity: " << rarityStr[static_cast(rarity)] << endl; cout << "Value: " << value << endl; if (this->rarity == ERarity::SPECIAL) { cout << "SPECIAL WEAPON FOUND!\n"; } cout << endl; } enum class EArmorType { HEAD = 0, CHEST, LEGS, ARMS, HANDS }; string armorTypeStr[] = {"Head", "Chest", "Legs", "Arms", "Hands"}; class Armor: public Item { private: uint defense; EArmorType type; public: virtual void print() const; public: Armor(string, uint, ERarity, uint, EArmorType); ~Armor(); }; Armor::Armor(string name, uint value, ERarity rarity, uint defense, EArmorType type) : Item(name, value, rarity), defense(defense), type(type) { //cout << "Armor Created.\n"; } Armor::~Armor() { //cout << "Armor Destroyed.\n"; } void Armor::print() const { cout << "Item Type: Armor\nName: " << name << endl; cout << "Defense: " << defense << endl; cout << "Armor Type: " << armorTypeStr[static_cast(type)] << endl; cout << "Rarity: " << rarityStr[static_cast(rarity)] << endl; cout << "Value: " << value << endl; if (this->rarity == ERarity::SPECIAL) { cout << "SPECIAL ARMOR FOUND!\n"; } cout << endl; } class Chest { private: //this is a vector of smart Item pointers. It uses polymorphism. The other way to do this is //std::vector items;//Here, I would have to actively call 'delete' after using the items std::vector> items; const int NSLOTS = 4; ERarity slotRarities[4]; public: void pickItems(); void open() const; private: void Init(); void show() const; public: Chest(); ~Chest(); }; Chest::Chest() { Init(); } Chest::~Chest() { /* //If I had used Item* instead of unique_ptr for (int i = 0; i < items.size(); ++i) { delete items[i]; } */ } void Chest::Init() { pickItems(); } void Chest::pickItems() { //Define the rarity slots of the chest ERarity slotRarities[] = { ERarity::COMMON, ERarity::UNCOMMON, ERarity::NONE, ERarity::NONE }; //Third and fourth slots having different chances for rarities so I get two random numbers 1 - 100 int thirdSlot = randPercent(); //This one actually determines if there's even a fourth item or not int fourthSlot = randPercent(); //There's a 40% chance that the third slot will have a rare item, otherwise it's uncommon if (thirdSlot <= 40) { slotRarities[2] = ERarity::RARE; } else { slotRarities[2] = ERarity::UNCOMMON; } //40% that a fourth item is in the chest if (fourthSlot <= 45) { fourthSlot = randPercent();//reassign for rarity //8% special, 12% ult, 16% rare, 32% uncommon, & 32% common if (fourthSlot <= 8) slotRarities[3] = ERarity::SPECIAL; else if (fourthSlot <= 20) slotRarities[3] = ERarity::ULT_RARE; else if (fourthSlot <= 36) slotRarities[3] = ERarity::RARE; else if (fourthSlot <= 68) slotRarities[3] = ERarity::UNCOMMON; else slotRarities[3] = ERarity::COMMON; } //This loop will stop at 3 if fourth slot doesn't have a rarity for (int i = 0; i < NSLOTS && slotRarities[i] != ERarity::NONE; ++i) { //This is just because I decided to have 3 items for each rarity //bottom range is 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 int bottomRange = (uint)slotRarities[i] * 3; //top range is 2, 5, 8, 11, 14 int topRange = ((uint)slotRarities[i] + 1) * 3 - 1; //then I pick a random number between the two ranges. //for example, a common is 0 to 2 or 0, 1, and 2 //This random number decides which item will be created for that rarity int itemNum = randInRange(bottomRange, topRange); //Here I have all of the items defined. They are pushed into the vector using unique pointers //You can uncomment the outputs in all constructors and destructors to see them work //I never have to use 'delete' by using unique pointers switch (itemNum) { //common items case 0: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Weapon("Sword", 10, ERarity::COMMON, 5))); break; case 1: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Skin("Shocked", 8, ERarity::COMMON, ESkinType::CLOTHES))); break; case 2: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Weapon("Dagger", 7, ERarity::COMMON, 4))); break; //uncommon items case 3: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Skin("Ice Sickle", 14, ERarity::UNCOMMON, ESkinType::WEAPON))); break; case 4: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Weapon("Bronze Sword", 15, ERarity::UNCOMMON, 10))); break; case 5: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Armor("Chest Plate", 18, ERarity::UNCOMMON, 8, EArmorType::CHEST))); break; //rare items case 6: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Skin("Fireball", 25, ERarity::RARE, ESkinType::WEAPON))); break; case 7: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Weapon("Sabre", 28, ERarity::RARE, 18))); break; case 8: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Weapon("Lance", 30, ERarity::RARE, 16))); break; //ult-rare items case 9: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Weapon("Long Hammer", 56, ERarity::ULT_RARE, 29))); break; case 10: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Skin("Oak Bark", 45, ERarity::ULT_RARE, ESkinType::ARMOR))); break; case 11: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Weapon("Hidden Blade", 72, ERarity::ULT_RARE, 35))); break; //special items case 12: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Weapon("Lion Claw", 123, ERarity::SPECIAL, 60))); break; case 13: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Armor("God's Helm", 140, ERarity::SPECIAL, 35, EArmorType::HEAD))); break; case 14: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Skin("Night Cloak", 100, ERarity::SPECIAL, ESkinType::CLOTHES))); break; default: items.push_back(std::unique_ptr(new Weapon("Lion Claw", 123, ERarity::SPECIAL, 60))); break; } } } void Chest::open() const { cout << "Opening Chest!\n\n"; show(); } void Chest::show() const { for (int i = 0; i < items.size(); ++i) { items[i]->print(); } } int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) { srand(static_cast(time(nullptr))); cout << "Welcome to chest opener!\n\n"; cout << "Open some chests to see what\n"; cout << "you can find. There's an 8% chance\n"; cout << "to find the special items, so\n"; cout << "good luck, player!\n\n"; Chest chest1; chest1.open(); cout << "\nUncomment output in constructors\nand destructors to see smart\npointers work!\n" << endl; return 0; }

Chest Opener [Game]