/* Find the Area of a shape. By jay Jul 06 2017 This example displays the use of abstraction, inheritance and pointers. -! To DO - Add other shapes. - add all area formulas -- error checking -- input sanitizing - tolower on shape input -- map/maze function -- update usage instructions in help menu to reflect program Usage: - Enter shape type - lowercase only for now - Enter dimensions - rectangle : width, height - square: height - circle: radius - triangle/diamond: height *** Optional - Enter an operator (+ - * ) - Enter another Shape and its dimensions /* Sample input rectangle 30 15 - circle 10 + triangle 5 + square 15 = */ #include #include #include using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl; using std::string; using std::sqrt; //using std::pow; //using std::abs; enum class SHAPETYPE : int { RECTANGLE, SQUARE, CIRCLE, TRIANGLE, TRIANGLE_FLIP, TRIANGLE_EQU, DIAMOND, illegal_shape }; class Shape { public: virtual void draw() = 0; virtual void displayInstructions() = 0; virtual void setDimensions() = 0; virtual float area() = 0; }; class Rectangle : public Shape { protected: float mWidth, mHeight; char mFill, mBorder; public: Rectangle() :mWidth(15.0f), mHeight(6.0f), mFill(char(176)), mBorder(char(178)) {} Rectangle(float w, float h) : mWidth(w), mHeight(h), mFill(char(176)), mBorder(char(178)) {} Rectangle(float w, float h, char border, char fill) : mWidth(w), mHeight(h), mFill(fill), mBorder(border) {} void setDimensions(); float area() { return mWidth * mHeight; } void displayInstructions(); void draw(); void fillCharacter(char fillChar) { mFill = fillChar; } void BorderCharacter(char borderChar) { mBorder = borderChar; } }; void Rectangle::displayInstructions() { cout << "Usage:\nRectangle(float width, float height)\nRectangle rect(" << mWidth << ", " << mHeight << ");" << endl << endl; } void Rectangle::setDimensions() { float w, h; //get Dimensions cout << "Enter Width:"; cin >> w; cout << w; cout << endl; cout << "Enter Height:"; cin >> h; cout << h; cout << endl; //check data; mHeight = h; mWidth = w; } void Rectangle::draw() { cout << endl; for (int y = 0; y <= ((int)mHeight - 1); ++y) { for (int x = 0; x <= ((int)mWidth - 1); ++x) { if (x == 0 || x == ((int)mWidth - 1) || y == 0 || y == (int(mHeight) - 1)) { cout << mBorder; } else { cout << mFill; } } cout << endl; } cout << endl; } class Square : public Rectangle { public: Square() { mWidth = 6.0f; mHeight = 6.0f; } Square(float h) { mWidth = h; mHeight = h; } void displayInstructions(); void setDimensions(); }; void Square::displayInstructions() { cout << "Usage:\nSquare(float height)\nSquare square(" << mHeight << ");" << endl << endl; } void Square::setDimensions() { float h; cout << "Enter Height:"; cin >> h; cout << h; cout << endl; mHeight = h; mWidth = h; } class Circle : public Shape { private: const float PI = 3.14159265359; float mRadius; char mFill, mBorder; public: Circle() : mRadius(6.0f), mFill(char(176)), mBorder(char(178)) { } Circle(float r) : mRadius(r), mFill(char(176)), mBorder(char(178)) { } Circle(float r, char border, char fill) : mRadius(r), mFill(fill), mBorder(border) { } void setDimensions(); float area() { return PI * (mRadius*mRadius); } void displayInstructions(); void draw(); }; void Circle::displayInstructions() { cout << "Usage:\nCircle(float radius)\nCircle circ(" << mRadius << ")" << endl << endl; } void Circle::setDimensions() { float r; cout << "Enter Radius:"; cin >> r; cout << r; mRadius = r; } void Circle::draw() { cout << endl; int radius = int(mRadius); for (int i = -radius; i <= radius; i += 2) // ++i { for (int j = -radius; j <= radius; j += 2) // ++j { if (int(sqrt(i * i + j * j)) <= radius && int(sqrt(i * i + j * j)) >= radius - 1) { cout << mBorder; } else if (int(sqrt(i * i + j * j)) <= radius) { cout << mFill; } else { cout << " "; } } cout << endl; } cout << endl; } class Triangle : public Shape { protected: float mHeight; char mFill, mBorder; public: Triangle() : mHeight(6.0f), mFill(char(176)), mBorder(char(178)) { } Triangle(float Height) : mHeight(Height), mFill(char(176)), mBorder(char(178)) { } Triangle(float Height, char border, char fill) : mHeight(Height), mFill(fill), mBorder(border) { } void setDimensions(); void displayInstructions(); void draw(); float area() { return 0.5f * (mHeight * mHeight); } }; void Triangle::displayInstructions() { cout << "Usage:\nTriangle(float height)\nTriangle tri(" << mHeight << ")" << endl << endl; } void Triangle::setDimensions() { float h; cout << "Enter Height:"; cin >> h; cout << h; mHeight = h; cout << endl; } void Triangle::draw() { int i, j; for (i = 0; i < mHeight; ++i) //loop 1 for number of rows { for (j = 0; j <= i; ++j) //loop j for lefthand side pattern { if (i == 0 || j == 0 || i == j || i == mHeight - 1) { cout << mBorder; } else { cout << mFill; } } cout << endl; // new line after each loop } } class TriangleFlip : public Triangle { public: TriangleFlip() { mHeight = 6.0f; } TriangleFlip(float h) { mHeight = h; } void draw(); }; void TriangleFlip::draw() { int i, j; for (i = 0; i < mHeight; ++i) //loop 1 for number of rows { for (j = 0; j < (mHeight - i - 1); ++j) //loop for blank spaces { cout << " "; } for (j = 0; j <= i; ++j) // loop for left handside pattern { if (j == 0 || i == mHeight - 1 || i == j) { cout << mBorder; } else { cout << mFill; } } cout << endl; // new line after each loop } } class TriangleEqu : public Triangle { public: TriangleEqu() { mHeight = 6.0f; } TriangleEqu(float h) { mHeight = h; } void draw(); void displayInstructions(); }; void TriangleEqu::displayInstructions() { cout << "Usage:TriangleEqu(float height)\nTriangleEqu triangleEqu(" << mHeight << ")" << endl << endl; } void TriangleEqu::draw() { int i, j; for (i = 0; i < mHeight; ++i) //loop 1 for number of rows { for (j = 0; j < (mHeight - i - 1); ++j) //loop for blank spaces { cout << " "; } for (j = 0; j <= i; ++j) // loop for left handside pattern { if (j == 0 || i == mHeight - 1) { cout << mBorder; } else { cout << mFill; } } for (j = 0; j < i; ++j) //loop righthand side pattern { if (i == j + 1 || i == mHeight - 1) { cout << mBorder; } else { cout << mFill; } } cout << endl; } } class Diamond : public Triangle { private: float mHeight; char mFill, mBorder; public: Diamond() : mHeight(6.0f), mFill(char(176)), mBorder(char(178)) { } Diamond(float height) : mHeight(height), mFill(char(176)), mBorder(char(178)) { } void setDimensions(); void draw(); float area() { return 0.0f; } void displayInstructions(); }; void Diamond::displayInstructions() { cout << "Diamond(float height)\nDiamond diamond(" << mHeight << ");\nheight of first triangle" << endl << endl; } void Diamond::setDimensions() { float h; cout << "Enter Height:"; cin >> h; cout << h; mHeight = h; cout << endl; } void Diamond::draw() { int i, j; for (i = 0; i < mHeight; ++i) //loop 1 for number of rows { for (j = 0; j < (mHeight - i - 1); ++j) //loop for blank spaces { cout << " "; } for (j = 0; j <= i; ++j) // loop for top left handside pattern { if (j == 0) { cout << mBorder; } else { cout << mFill; } } for (j = 0; j < i; ++j) //loop top righthand side pattern { if (i == j + 1) { cout << mBorder; } else { cout << mFill; } } cout << endl; } // loop for bottom pattern for (i = 1; i < mHeight; ++i) //loop 1 for number of rows { //loop for spaces for (j = 0; j < i; ++j) //loop bottom left hand side spaces { cout << " "; } for (j = 0; j < (mHeight - i); ++j) //bottom left pattern spaces { if (j == 0) { cout << mBorder; } else { cout << mFill; } } for (j = mHeight - i - 1; j >= 1; --j) //bottom right pattern { if (j == 1) { cout << mBorder; } else { cout << mFill; } } cout << endl; } } void DisplayAvailableShapes() { Shape * currentShape; currentShape = new Square(1); cout << "Available Shape Types are:\n\n"; for (SHAPETYPE i = SHAPETYPE::RECTANGLE; i < SHAPETYPE::illegal_shape; i = (SHAPETYPE(int(i) + 1))) { delete currentShape; switch (i) { case SHAPETYPE::RECTANGLE: currentShape = new Rectangle(); cout << "Rectangle\n"; break; case SHAPETYPE::SQUARE: currentShape = new Square(); cout << "Square\n"; break; case SHAPETYPE::CIRCLE: currentShape = new Circle(); cout << "Circle\n"; break; // TRIANGLE_RIGHT, // TRIANGLE_LEFT, case SHAPETYPE::TRIANGLE: currentShape = new Triangle(); cout << " Triangle - Right Angle\n"; break; case SHAPETYPE::TRIANGLE_FLIP: currentShape = new TriangleFlip(); cout << "Triangle - Right Angle - flip\n"; break; case SHAPETYPE::TRIANGLE_EQU: currentShape = new TriangleEqu(); cout << "Equilateral Triangle\n"; break; case SHAPETYPE::DIAMOND: currentShape = new Diamond(); cout << "Diamond\n"; break; default: cout << "Error: No ShapeType Defined! Module: DisplayAvailbleShapes\n"; return; break; } currentShape->draw(); currentShape->displayInstructions(); } delete currentShape; currentShape = nullptr; } enum class OpType { add, subtract, multiply, stop, help, illegal_op }; OpType StringToOp(const string &s) // precondition: s is a valid operator // postcondition: returns OpType equivalent e.g add for +; { //define array of strings to facilitate lookup std::string OPSTRINGS[] = { "+", "-", "*", "=" }; const int NUMOPS = 6; //number of valid operations for (int k = 0; k < NUMOPS; ++k) { if (s == OPSTRINGS[k]) return OpType(k); } return OpType::illegal_op; // not found, return illegal op } OpType GetOperator() // postconsition: reads a whitespace delimited operator from cin and returns the operator { string s; OpType returnValue; do { cout << "enter + - * (= to quit): "; cin >> s; cout << s; cout << endl; if (s == "help") { DisplayAvailableShapes(); } } while ((returnValue = StringToOp(s)) == OpType::illegal_op); return returnValue; } SHAPETYPE StringToShapeType(const string &s) { // precondition: s is a valid shape string // postcondition: returns OpType equivalent e.g add for +; //define array of strings to facilitate lookup std::string TYPESTRINGS[] = { "rectangle", "square", "circle", "triangle", "triangle-flip","triangle-equ","diamond", "help" }; const int NUMOPS = 8; //number of valid operations //s to_lower for (int k = 0; k < NUMOPS; ++k) { if (s == TYPESTRINGS[k]) return SHAPETYPE(k); } return SHAPETYPE::illegal_shape; // not found, return illegal op } SHAPETYPE getShapeType() { //postcondition: reads shape type from cin and returns a pointer to the shape SHAPETYPE returnValue; string s; do { cout << "Enter Shape Type: "; cin >> s; cout << s; cout << endl; if (s == "help" || s == "") { DisplayAvailableShapes(); return SHAPETYPE::illegal_shape; } } while ((returnValue = StringToShapeType(s)) == SHAPETYPE::illegal_shape); return returnValue; } float getShapeArea() { SHAPETYPE type = getShapeType(); Shape * currentShape; float area; float w = 0, h = 0, r = 0; switch (type) { case SHAPETYPE::RECTANGLE: currentShape = new Rectangle(); break; case SHAPETYPE::SQUARE: currentShape = new Square(); break; case SHAPETYPE::CIRCLE: currentShape = new Circle(); break; case SHAPETYPE::TRIANGLE: currentShape = new Triangle(); break; case SHAPETYPE::TRIANGLE_FLIP: currentShape = new TriangleFlip(); break; case SHAPETYPE::TRIANGLE_EQU: currentShape = new TriangleEqu(); break; case SHAPETYPE::DIAMOND: currentShape = new Diamond(); break; default: cout << "no shape type entered!\n\n"; return -0.0f; break; } currentShape->setDimensions(); currentShape->draw(); area = currentShape->area(); delete currentShape; currentShape = nullptr; return area; } int main() { cout << "Shape Calculator\n\n"; float accumulator = 0; // area value accumulator float current = 0; float w = 0, h = 0, r = 0; OpType op = OpType::add; //so first value is added to zero while (op != OpType::stop) { current = getShapeArea(); switch (op) { case OpType::add: accumulator += current; break; case OpType::subtract: accumulator -= current; break; case OpType::multiply: accumulator *= current; break; case OpType::help: cout << "----HELP MENU----\n"; DisplayAvailableShapes(); op = OpType::stop; break; default: std::cout << "error! exiting" << std::endl; op = OpType::stop; return -1; break; } cout << "Area: " << current << endl; cout << "----> " << accumulator << std::endl; op = GetOperator(); } return 0; }

Shape Area Calculator (with display)