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Corona Virus

Corona viruses are a group of related RNA viruses that causes diseases in mammals and birds.In humans,they cause respiratory tract infections that can range from mild to lethal.Dyspnea is the most common symptoms of corona virus.The silent spread of corona virus is due to droplets coming out from sneezing,talking,coughing in close proximity to the individual present close to the infected individual.Usually the person acquiring corona virus donot show symptoms quickly unless the person is chronically ill or having other diseases like hypertension ,diabetes,coronary heart disease ,pneumonia or TB.It takes usually 4-14 days for the symptoms to be visible in infected individual.

COVID-19 Structure

Corona Viruses are large,roughly spherical particles with bulbous projections with average diameter of around 125 micrometre.The diameter of the envelope is 85nm and the spikes are 20nm long .The viral envelope consist of a lipid bilayer,in which the membrane(M) envelope(E) and spike(S) structural proteins are anchored.The ratio of E:S:M in the lipid bilayer is approx 1:20:300.On average corona virus has 74 surface spikes.A subset of coronaviruses also have a shorter spike-like surface protein called Hemagglutin Esterase(HE).The corona virus surface spikes are homotrimers of S protein,which is composed of 2 subunit:S1 and S2 which is responsible for receptor binding and fusion with cell membrane of individual respectively.Inside envelope there is a nucleocapsid formed from multiple copies of the nucleocapsid(N) protein,which are bound to the positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome in a continuous beads on-a-string type conformation.The lipid bilayer envelope,membrane protein and nucleocapsid protect the virus when it is outside the host cell.

Patient Condition

Patient condition may be mild,moderate,severe depending on patient history.Usually chronic ill patient if tested positive are more likely lose life.Diagonosis of patient is based on the three basic approach:AVPU ,ABC's and vital signs.At first,when patient approaches the doctor the doctor checks the response of patient to surrounding environment(Called Alert(A)).Then,if the patient donot respond ,they check their verbal(V) response on asking a question or normal greeting response so that patient should speak verbally.Then,they check pain(P) by examining face and whole body part checking.At last,they check for response behaviour of patient(U:unresponsive).If pain and unresponsive nature detected then patient is sick.Then they check Airway,Breathing and Circulation(ABC) to detect sickness.At last vital signs like difficult breathing or pulse rate or heart rate or respiratory rate.

Symptoms

The more common symptoms include:

Fever

Dry Cough

Tiredness

The less common symptoms include:
aches and pains

Sore throat

Diarhoea

Conjunctivitis

headache

loss of taste

a rash on skin or discoloration of fingers or toes

The serious symptoms include:
difficult breathing or shortness of breath

Chest pain or pressure

loss of speech or movement

General Treatment

Treatment Using Drugs

The 15 most promising drugs of hope in treatment include:-
Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine(Antimalarial class of drugs)

lopinavir and ritonavir(HIV Protease inhibitor)

Nafamostat and camostat

Famotidine(Antihistaminic drug)

Umifenovir

Nitazoxanide

Ivermectin

Corticosteroids

Tocilizumab and sarilumab

Bevacizumab

Fluvoxamine

Current Statistics Report

Vaccine Based Treatment Under Progress

To develop vaccine is a time-consuming process and requires huge budget and person for clinical trial for proving safety and efficacy before actual usage of vaccine.No vaccine has been developed so far although there are fake rumours everywhere that vaccine has been discovered.Convalescent Plasma Therapy is proving gradually no effect on patient now as per scientists claim.

Major Challenges in dealing Corona Virus

Key Challenges include:-
1. Mutation in genetic material of Corona Virus leading to difficulty in targeting.
2. Chances of Drug Resistance due to Viral mutation.

Other Challenges

1.Lack of Budget
2.Lack of sophisticated tools for drug discovery
3.Improper target selection
4.Poor prevention
5.Lack of Talented people in research due to politics by government.
6. And Many more.

About Me

I have been a HealthCare Professional & researcher from 4 years and published 2 article in low impact factor journal.Very less people know me.

Stay healthy,Stay Safe

coronaupdate